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UniAd

2 cited papers · May 27, 2026 · Powered by Researchly AI

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The query "UniAD" most likely refers to a unified autonomous driving framework. However, based on the retrieved evidence, the closest relevant work addresses ad…

The query "UniAD" most likely refers to a unified autonomous driving framework. However, based on the retrieved evidence, the closest relevant work addresses adversarial robustness in end-to-end autonomous driving (AD) models. Zhang et al. (2024) propose Module-wise Adaptive Adversarial Training (MA2T), explicitly framed as the first study applying adversarial training to end-to-end AD models, which are systems that integrate perception, prediction, and planning stages.1
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Study of Optimiser-Based Enhancement of Adversarial Attacks on Neural NetworksRonghui Zhou20242024 International Conference on Interactive Intelligent Systems and Techniques (IIST)
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  • End-to-End Autonomous Driving (AD) Models — Systems that integrate perception, prediction, and planning into a unified pipeline, achieving state-of-the-art performance but remaining vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Zhang et al. (2024)
  • Adversarial Perturbations — Human-imperceptible noise-like patterns that can subtly alter input data and disrupt decision-making in otherwise accurate deep learning models.
1Wang & Cherian (2018)1
  • Module-wise Noise Injection — A technique that injects noise before the input of different modules, targeting training with the guidance of overall objectives rather than each independent module loss.
  • Dynamic Weight Accumulation Adaptation — A component of MA2T designed to address the strongly interconnected and distinct objectives of different stages within end-to-end AD models.
1
Contrastive Video Representation Learning via Adversarial PerturbationsJue Wang, Anoop Cherian2018arXiv
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Diagram
End-to-End Autonomous Driving Pipeline (MA2T Framework)
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Input (Camera/Sensor) │
└───────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────┘
 │
 ┌─────────────▼──────────────┐
 │ Module-wise Noise │
 │ Injection Layer │
 └─────────────┬──────────────┘
 │
 ┌───────────────┼───────────────┐
 ▼ ▼ ▼
 [Perception] [Prediction] [Planning]
 Module Module Module
 │ │ │
 └───────────────┼───────────────┘
 │
 ┌─────────────▼──────────────┐
 │ Dynamic Weight │
 │ Accumulation Adaptation │
 └─────────────┬──────────────┘
 │
 ┌─────────────▼──────────────┐
 │ Overall Objective Loss │
 │ (Adversarial Training) │
 └────────────────────────────┘

MA2T addresses a critical gap: no prior studies had focused on adversarial training for end-to-end AD models before this work. The challenge is non-trivial because different stages within the model have distinct objectives and are strongly interconnected, making conventional adversarial training extensions difficult.

Table
AspectConventional Adversarial TrainingMA2T (End-to-End AD)
Target DomainImage/text classifiersAutonomous driving pipeline
Noise InjectionInput-levelModule-wise
Loss GuidancePer-module lossOverall objective
Interconnection HandlingNot addressedDynamic Weight Adaptation
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The retrieved evidence does not provide benchmark numbers (e.g., nuScenes scores) for MA2T or UniAD specifically, limiting quantitative comparison. Furthermore, extending adversarial training to multi-stage pipelines is described as "highly non-trivial," suggesting that the proposed solutions may not fully resolve all inter-module dependency challenges.

  • End-to-end AD models integrating perception, prediction, and planning remain vulnerable to human-imperceptible adversarial perturbations.
1
  • MA2T is presented as the first adversarial training framework specifically designed for end-to-end autonomous driving models.
  • Adversarial perturbations are a cross-domain threat, affecting vision, text, graph, and speech models alike.
1
  • The independence of defense mechanisms from target model structure is a desirable property, as demonstrated in image-domain defenses using conditional GANs.
1
Contrastive Video Representation Learning via Adversarial PerturbationsJue Wang, Anoop Cherian2018arXiv
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  1. "UniAD unified autonomous driving perception prediction planning nuScenes benchmark"
  2. "Adversarial robustness evaluation end-to-end autonomous driving models empirical results"
  3. "Module-wise adversarial training multi-task deep learning robustness"

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